A Contrastive Study of English and Arabic Verb Morphology

Indah Firmansyah, Nuraini (2022) A Contrastive Study of English and Arabic Verb Morphology. Undergraduate thesis, UIN KH. Achmad Siddiq Jember.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Nuraini Indah Firmansyah, SRN. T20186117. 2022. A Contrastive Study of English and Arabic Verb Morphology. Thesis. English Education Department. Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty. State Islamic University of KH. Achmad Siddiq Jember. Advisor: Aminullah, M. Pd. Academic year 2022/2023.
In the process of learning foreign languages (especially English and Arabic) students often make many mistakes in various fields, including the morphological field or in Arabic terms called Ilm-sharaf and more specifically the error occurs in the phoneme or sighot field, including discussion of about verbs (fi'il) in Arabic. This can be predicted by knowing the differences and similarities between the two languages.
This study aims to determine the differences and similarities in the morphology of verbs in English and Arabic, by predicting the morphological processes of the two languages, especially in the inflectional and derivational processes in English and Arabic verbs.
The discussion in this study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research using literature studies in terms of presentation, data collection methods using document review and data analysis using contrastive analysis. Contrastive analysis is an approach to teaching language to bilingual learners.
From the analysis, it was found the morphological formation of verbs in English and Arabic has similarities and differences. If examined more deeply, about inflectional formation Arabic and English verbs have similarities in terms of inflectional formation, namely affixation. In English there are three inflectional formation; affixation, non affixation and zero affixation, the inflectional formation of affixation comes from suffixes (read-reading), and non affixation of verbs comes from an irregular form (see-saw), the zero affixation form occurs when the simple present tense changes to the past tense (shut-shut). Changes to the zero affixation form will appear in the syntax. While in Arabic there is one inflectional formation, namely affixation, inflectional affixation from Arabic comes from the suffix (`alima-`alimaa) in the past tense and the prefixes (`alima-ya`lamu) in the present tense. There is no non-affixation and a zero affixation form. The differences are that in English inflectional there are other inflectional formations, namely, non-affixation and zero-affixation. Verb derivation in English is formed from three components, namely affixation (prefix (en+slave) and suffix (motor+ize)), no non-affixation, and zero affixation form. However, only the affixation process is found in the verb derivation process in English. Likewise in Arabic, derivation only occurs in affixation in the form of a prefix (nashara (V) to istanshara (V)).

Keywords: contrastive analysis, verb morphology, morphological process, English, Arabic

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