TATA KELOLA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DI KAMPUNG ZAKAT BAZNAS BONDOWOSO DAN KAMPUNG SDGS BAZNAS JEMBER

Wasik, Abdul (2025) TATA KELOLA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DI KAMPUNG ZAKAT BAZNAS BONDOWOSO DAN KAMPUNG SDGS BAZNAS JEMBER. Doctoral thesis, UIN KHAS JEMBER.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK
Wasik, Abdul, 2022. “Tata Kelola Zakat Produktif Di Kampung Zakat Baznas Bondowoso
Dan Kampung SDGs Baznas Jember”. Disertasi. Program Doktor (S-3) Studi Islam (SI)
Pascasarjana UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember. Promotor Prof. Dr. Moch. Chotib, S.Ag,
M.M, Co-Promotor. Sofkhatin Khumaidah, M.Pd. Ph.D.
Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola, Zakat Produktif, Kampung Zakat & Kampung SDGs.
Zakat produktif merupakan salah satu instrumen strategis dalam pemberdayaan
ekonomi umat yang bersifat transformatif dan berorientasi jangka panjang. Pelaksanaannya
menuntut adanya tata kelola yang baik—berbasis prinsip transparansi, akuntabilitas,
partisipasi, keadilan, dan keberlanjutan. Kampung Zakat BAZNAS Bondowoso dan Kampung
SDGs BAZNAS Jember menjadi model percontohan dalam implementasi zakat produktif
berbasis komunitas yang terintegrasi dengan program pembangunan berkelanjutan. Namun
demikian, masih diperlukan perumusan model tata kelola yang sistematis dan kontekstual agar
zakat produktif tidak hanya mampu mengangkat taraf hidup mustahik secara sementara, tetapi
juga mendorong transformasi mustahik menjadi muzaki serta menjaga agar muzaki tetap
mandiri secara ekonomi dan sosial, serta menumbuhkan kualitas Ber-ISI: intelektualitas,
spiritualitas, dan integritas dalam kehidupan mereka.
Dalam penelitian ini dapat kami rumuskan pada beberapa hal sebagai berikut:
Bagaimana Tata Kelola Zakat Produktif Di Kampung Zakat Baznas Bondowoso dan Kampung
SDGs Baznas Jember? Bagaimana Proses Kontrak Dan Model Agency pada pengelolaan zakat
produktif di kampung zakat Baznas Bondowoso dan Kampung SDGS Baznas Jember?
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, di mana
data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen
terkait. Informan penelitian terdiri dari pengelola zakat, mustahik, dan pemangku kepentingan
lainnya yang berperan dalam implementasi program zakat produktif. Analisis data dilakukan
dengan pendekatan interaktif yang dikembangkan oleh Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tata kelola zakat produktif di Kampung Zakat
BAZNAS Bondowoso dan Kampung SDGs BAZNAS Jember mencerminkan dua pendekatan
yang saling melengkapi. Kabupaten Bondowoso menerapkan model komunitas partisipatif
berbasis Zakat Community Development (ZCD), sedangkan Kabupaten Jember mengadopsi
model individual berbasis qard hasan. Kedua pendekatan tersebut mendorong penguatan nilai
nilai intelektualitas, spiritualitas, dan integritas (Ber-ISI), selaras dengan Teori Zakat Produktif
Holistik dan prinsip Good Community Engagement . Proses kontrak dalam pengelolaan zakat
produktif meliputi tahapan seleksi mustahik, perjanjian kerja sama, serta pendampingan—
berbasis komunitas di Bondowoso dan berbasis digital di Jember—yang dirancang untuk
meminimalkan risiko penyimpangan (moral hazard). Model keagenan yang dibangun
berlandaskan kepercayaan dan diperkuat oleh sistem transparansi, evaluasi secara berkala, serta
akuntabilitas yang berlapis. Berdasarkan temuan ini, dirumuskan Model Tata Kelola Zakat
Produktif Holistik berbasis Good Community Engagement , yaitu model tata kelola yang
beretika, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan dalam mendukung transformasi mustahik menjadi
muzaki yang mandiri secara ekonomi dan sosial.
ABSTRACT
Wasik, Abdul. 2022. “Engagement of Productive Zakat in the BAZNAS Zakat Village of
Bondowoso and the BAZNAS SDGs Village of Jember.” Dissertation. Doctoral Program in
Islamic Studies, Postgraduate School, UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember. Promoter: Prof.
Dr. Moch. Chotib, S.Ag., M.M.; Co-Promoter: Sofkhatin Khumaidah, M.Pd., Ph.D.
Keywords: Engagement , Productive Zakat, Zakat Village, SDGs Village.
Productive zakat is a strategic instrument for empowering the economic capacity of the
Muslim community. It is inherently transformative and oriented toward long-term impact. Its
implementation requires sound Engagement based on the principles of transparency,
accountability, participation, equity, and sustainability. The BAZNAS Zakat Village in
Bondowoso and the BAZNAS SDGs Village in Jember serve as pilot models for community
based productive zakat programs integrated with sustainable development goals. However,
there remains a need to formulate a systematic and contextual Engagement model to ensure
that productive zakat not only temporarily improves the living conditions of mustahik (zakat
recipients), but also transforms them into muzakki (zakat payers) while maintaining their
economic and social independence. Additionally, it seeks to cultivate the core values of Ber
ISI: intellectuality, spirituality, and integrity.
This research seeks to address the following questions: How is productive zakat
governed in the BAZNAS Zakat Village of Bondowoso and the SDGs Village of Jember? What
are the contract processes and agency models used in the management of productive zakat in
these communities?
The study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were
gathered through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis.
Research informants included zakat managers, mustahik, and various stakeholders involved in
the implementation of the productive zakat program. Data were analyzed using the interactive
model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña.
The findings reveal that productive zakat Engagement in the BAZNAS Zakat Village
of Bondowoso and the SDGs Village of Jember reflects two complementary approaches.
Bondowoso applies a participatory community model based on Zakat Community
Development (ZCD), while Jember adopts an individual-based model centered on qard hasan
(benevolent loans). Both approaches strengthen the values of intellectuality, spirituality, and
integrity (Ber-ISI), aligning with the Holistic Productive Zakat Theory and the principles of
Good Community Engagement .
The contract process in productive zakat management includes the selection of
mustahik, establishment of cooperation agreements, and community- or digitally-based
mentoring—community-based in Bondowoso and digital-based in Jember—designed to
minimize moral hazard. The agency model developed is founded on trust and reinforced
through layered transparency, periodic evaluations, and multi-tiered accountability systems.
Based on these findings, the research formulates the Holistic Productive Zakat Engagement
Model grounded in Good Community Engagement —a Engagement framework that is ethical,
participatory, and sustainable in fostering the transformation of mustahik into independent
muzakki, both economically and socially.
ﺺﺨﻠﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا فاﺪﻫ ﺔﯾﺮﻗو ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺑ ﰲ سزﺎﺒﻠ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ﰲ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﳈﻮﺣ" .م
ﰄﺎﯿ ﺔﻌﻣﺎ ،ﺎﯿﻠﻌﻟا تﺎﺳار ا ﺔﯿﳇ ،ﺔﻣﻼﺳﻻا تﺎﺳار ا ﺞﻣ ﺮ ،ﻩارﻮﺘﻛد ﺔ وﺮﻃ ."ﱪﲨ ﰲ سزﺎﺒﻠ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا
،ةﺪﯾﲈﺧ ﲔﺘﳀﻮﺻ :كرﺎﺸﳌا ﺪﺷﺮﳌاو ،ﺐﯿﻄﺧ ﺪﶊ رﻮﺘﻛ ا ذﺎﺘﺳ ا :فﴩﳌا .ﱪﲨ ،ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊا ﺔﻣﻼﺳﻻا ﻖﯾﺪﺻ ﺪﲪ
2022
،ﺪﺒﻋ ،
ﻊﺳاﻮﻟا
ﺎ
ﻩارﻮﺘﻛد.
ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا فاﺪﻫ ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ،ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ،ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ،ﺔﳈﻮﳊا :ﺔﺣﺎﻔﳌا تﲈﳫا.
ﻲﻌﳣ ا دﺎﺼﻗ ﲔﻜﲤ ﰲ ﺔﯿﺠﯿﺗاﱰﺳ تاود ا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺪﻌُﺗ
ﺔﯿﻠﯾﻮﲢ ﺔﻌﯿﺒﻄﺑ ﻢﺴﺗ ﺚﺣ ،ﱊﻼﺳﻻا
، اﺪﻌﻟاو ،ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌاو ، ءﺎﺴﳌاو ،ﺔﻓﺎﻔﺸﻟا ئدﺎﻣ ﲆ ﺔﲚﺎﻗ ةﺪﯿﺷر ﺔﳈﻮﺣ دﻮﺟو ﺎﻫﺬﻔﻨﺗ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﯾو .ىﺪﳌا ﺪﯿﻌﺑ يﻮﳮ ﻖﻓو
ﻖﯿﺒﻄﺗ ﰲ ﲔﺒﯾﺮﲡ ﲔذﻮﳕ ﱪﲨ ﰲ ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا فاﺪﻫ ﺔﯾﺮﻗو ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺑ ﰲ ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ﺖﺤﺒﺻ ﺪﻗو .ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳ و
ﻲﺠﳯﻣ ﺔﳈﻮﺣ جذﻮﳕ ﺔ ﺎﯿﺻ يروﴬﻟا ﻦﻣ لاﺰ ﻻ ، ذ ﻊﻣو .ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا ﺞﻣاﺮ ﻊﻣ ﻣﲀﺘﳌا ﺔﯿﻌﳣ ا ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا
ﰲ ﺎﻀﯾ ﻢﻬﺴ ﻞﺑ ،ﺎﻗﺆﻣ (ﲔﻘﺤﺘﺴﳌا) ﲔﻘﺤﺘﺴﻤﻠ ﴚﻌﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﳌا ﲔﺴﲢ ﲆ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ر ﴫﻘﺗ ﻻ ﻦﻤﻀﯾ ﻲﻌﻗاوو
ﲓﻗ ﺰﺰﻌﺗو ،ﻲﻋ ﺟ و يدﺎﺼﻗ ﻢﳍﻼﻘﺘﺳا ﲆ ظﺎﻔﳊا ﻊﻣ ،(ﲔﻛﺰﳌا) ةﰷز ﻲﻌﻓاد ﱃا ﻢﻬﻠﯾﻮﲢ ISI: ،ﺔﯿﻧﺎ وﺮﻟاو ،ﺔﯿﻧﻼﻘﻌﻟا
ﻢﲥﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺔﻫاﲋﻟاو.
ﺔﯾﺮﻗو ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺒﺑ ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ﰲ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا راﺪُﺗ ﻒﯿ :ﲔﯿﺗ ا ﲔﻟاﺆﺴﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺑﺎ ﻼﻟ ﺔﺳار ا ﻩﺬﻫ ﺖﻌﺳ ﺪﻗو
؟ﲔﺘﯾﺮﻘﻟا ﲔﺗﺎﻫ ﰲ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ةرادا ﰲ ﰷﻮﻟا جذﻮﳕو ﺪﻗﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﲻ ﺬﻔﻨﺗ ﱲﯾ ﻒﯿو ؟ﱪﻤﲜ ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا فاﺪﻫ
،ﺔﻘﻤﻌﺘﳌا تﻼﺑﺎﻘﳌا لﻼ ﻦﻣ تﺎﯿﺒﻟا ﺖﻌﲨ ﺚﺣ ، ﺎﳊا ﺔﺳارد ماﺪ ﺘﺳ ﻲﻋﻮﻨﻟا ﺞﳯﳌا ﲆ ﺔﺳار ا تﺪﳣﻋا
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟا بﺎﲱو ،ﲔﻘﺤﺘﺴﳌاو ،ةﰷﺰﻟا ﱄوﺆﺴﻣ ﺔﺳار ا ﺔﻨﯿﻋ ﺖﻠﴰو . ﺼﻟا تاذ ﻖﺋ ﻮﻟا ﻞﯿﻠﲢو ،ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﳌاو
نﺎﻣﲑﺑﻮﻫو ﺰﻠﯾﺎﻣ ﻩرﻮﻃ ي ا ﲇﺎﻔﺘﻟا ﺞﳯﳌا ماﺪ ﺘﺳ تﺎﯿﺒﻟا ﻞﯿﻠﲢ ﰎ ﺪﻗو .ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺞﻣاﺮ ﺬﻔﻨﺗ ﰲ ﺎﻔﻟا تﺎﻬﳉا
ا ﺎﺳو.
ﺲﻜﻌﺗ ﱪﻤﲜ ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟ ا فاﺪﻫ ﺔﯾﺮﻗو ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺒﺑ ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻗ ﰲ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﳈﻮﺣ ن ﰀﺎﺘﻨﻟا تﺮﻬﻇو
ةﰷﺰﻟ ﻊﳣ ا ﺔﯿﳮ ﲆ ﺎﲚﺎﻗ ﺎﯿﻌﳣﳎ ﺎ ذﻮﳕ ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺑ ﲎﺘﺗ ﺚﺣ :ﲔﻠﻣﲀﻣ ﲔﳖ (ZCD), ﺎﯿﻨﻣ دﺮﻓ ﺎ ذﻮﳕ ﱪﲨ ﺪﳣﻌﺗ ﺑ
ﺔﻫاﲋﻟاو ،ﺔﯿﻧﺎ وﺮﻟاو ،ﺔﯿﻧﻼﻘﻌﻟا ﲓﻗ ﺰﺰﻌﺗ ﰲ ﲔذﻮﳮا
ﻢﻬﺴو .ﻦﺴﳊا ضﺮﻘﻟا ﲆ (ISI) ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﯾﺮﻈﻧ ﻊﻣ ﻖﻓاﻮﺘﯾ ﺎﲟ ،
ةﺪﯿﺷﺮﻟا ﺔﯿﻌﳣ ا ﺔﳈﻮﳊا ئدﺎﻣو ﻣﺎﺸﻟا ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا.
ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻟاو ،ﺔﻛاﴩﻟا تﺎﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﺪﻘﻋو ،ﲔﻘﺤﺘﺴﳌا رﺎﯿﺧا ﻞ اﺮﻣ ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ةرادا ﰲ ﺪﻗﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﲻ ﻞﻤﺸو
ﺐﺣﺎﺼﳌا
—
ﱪﲨ
ﰲ ﻲﳃﺮﻟاو ،ﻮﺳوووﺪﻧﻮﺑ ﰲ ﻲﻌﳣ ا ﻊﺑﺎﻄﻟا ﻊﻣ ﳽﯾ ﺎﲟ
ﺮﻃﺎ ا) ﰾﻮﻠﺴﻟا فاﺮﳓ ﺮﻃﺎﳐ ﻞﯿﻠﻘﺗ فﺪﲠ
.تﻮﺘﺴﳌا ةدﺪﻌﻣ ءﺎﺴﳌاو ،ﻢﻈﺘﻨﳌا ﲓﻘﺘﻟاو ،ﺔﻓﺎﻔﺸﻟا ﻦﻣ مﺎﻈﻧ ﻩزﺰﻌﯾو ،ﺔﻘﺜﻟا ﲆ ﺪﳣﻌﳌا ﰷﻮﻟا جذﻮﳕ مﻮﻘﯾو .(ﺔﻗﻼ ا
يرادا جذﻮﳕ ﻮﻫو ،ةﺪﯿﺷﺮﻟا ﺔﯿﻌﳣ ا ﺔﳈﻮﳊا ﲆ ﰂﺎﻘﻟا ﻣﺎﺸﻟا ﺔﺟﺎﺘﻧﻻا ةﰷﺰﻟا ﺔﳈﻮﺣ جذﻮﳕ حاﱰﻗا ﰎ ،ﰀﺎﺘﻨﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ ﲆ ءﺎﻨﺑو
ﺎﯿﻋ ﺟاو دﺎﺼﻗا ﲔﻠﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﲔﻛﺰﻣ ﱃا ﲔﻘﺤﺘﺴﳌا لﻮﲢ ﰪﺪﯾ ماﺪﺘﺴﻣو ،ﰾرﺎﺸ ،ﰶﻼ .

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